during the 1800 election and move on to the following brief history. [citation needed] Pennsylvania also switched to legislative choice, but this resulted in an almost evenly split set of electors. It's 1800, ladies, tell your husbands: vote for Burr! Sir! The decision of 1800 . Evan . Feb 18. The story of the 1801 contingent election between Burr and Jefferson is told in Gore Vidal's 1973 novel Burr. . To win in 1800, the magic number was 70 electoral votes. . OAH Magazine of History 18.5 (2004): 53-57, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 01:21. When this letter was published more widely, it damaged Adams hopes of winning the election and fractured the Federalist Party. Ha? Oh! He accused Adams of rash decisionmaking, particularly when related to the quasi-war with France and drew a comparison between Adams and the modest and sage Washington, who consulted much, pondered much, resolved slowly, resolved surely. Hamilton showcased instances of Adamss uncertainty and found him to beso much at variance with himself, as well as with sound policy, that we are drivento seek a solution for it in some system of concession to his political enemies. The purpose of Hamiltons letter was to draw support from within the Federalist Party towards Charles Pinckney, a Southern Federalist. [JEFFERSON/MADISON/ENSEMBLE] [ENSEMBLE] Eight votes were cast for electors pledged to both Jefferson and Adams; one vote was cast for an elector of unknown affiliation. It implies Hamilton's support for Jefferson over Burr was the catalyst for the Burr-Hamilton duel; in fact, while that helped sour relations between Burr and Hamilton, the duel was ultimately provoked by Hamilton's statements about Burr in the 1804 New York gubernatorial election.[75]. After other Federalists shouted him down with cries of Deserter!. Alexander Hamilton was one of these people. You used to work on the same staff On May 7, 1800, four days after the results of the election became known, Hamilton wrote to Governor Jay. That's new! But Hamilton had lost much of his influence among fellow Federalists due to his vicious attacks on Adams (as well as scandal in his personal life). In 1796, Adams had narrowly defeated Jefferson, 71-68; thanks to the system of split voting, Jefferson became Adams's vice president. Source (Popular Vote): A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 17871825[20]Source (Electoral Vote): .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Electoral College Box Scores 17891996". [], [] Interestingly, before the election of 1800, Ames sent Hamilton a series of letters urging him not to split the Federalist Party and put Jefferson in power (which is exactly what happened). It's quiet uptown The Constitution, in Article II, Section 1, provided that the state legislatures should decide the manner in which their electors were chosen. [BURR] The unintended circulation of the Letter from Alexander Hamilton, Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. Hamilton embarked on a frenzied letter-writing campaign to get Federalist Representatives to switch votes. Four main candidates were on the ballot; Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Burr, John Adams, and Charles C. Pinckney. Regardless, he refused to disavow the presidency, writing in December 1800 to Representative Samuel Smith (R-MD) that he would not "engage to resign" if chosen president, adding that the question was "unnecessary, unreasonable and impertinent." While writing about past contested presidential elections, Kagan parenthetically commented that "Alexander Hamilton secured his place on the Broadway stagebut possibly in the cemetery tooby lobbying Federalists in the House to tip the election to Jefferson". For Thomas Jefferson, the presidential election of 1800 represented a contest over the meaning of the American Revolution. 2. In "The Election of 1800", Jefferson and Burr's attempts to win the 1800 United States presidential election result in a tie that must be broken by Hamilton. Don't let 'em know what youre against or what you're for (c) Those states that did choose electors by popular vote had widely varying restrictions on suffrage via property requirements. Before the presidential election of 1800, Alexander Hamilton wrote an essay (or what was known as a "pamphlet") about John Adams, the leader of Hamilton's Federalist party and the President of the United States called Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. It's up to the delegates! Although Hamilton could have adopted the party line and backed Adams, he took the opposite course, understanding that he would lose the support of half his party in future races. This may have had some unintended consequences in Massachusetts, where the makeup of the delegation to the House of Representatives changed from 12 Federalists and 2 Democratic-Republicans to 8 Federalists and 6 Democratic-Republicans, perhaps the result of backlash on the part of the electorate. We have fought on like seventy-five different fronts [ANOTHER MALE VOTER] Audio Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. When Adams was running for a second term, Hamilton published a letter to his supporters Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. [JEFFERSON] Talk less! Each state delegation cast one vote, and a victory in the contingent election required one candidate to win a majority of the state delegations. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Results from the Edenton district appear to have been lost. The 1800 election campaign was characterized by slander and personal attacks on both sides. In 1798, George Washington had complained "that you could as soon scrub the blackamoor white, as to change the principles of a professed Democrat; and that he will leave nothing unattempted to overturn the Government of this Country". I don't like Adams [BURR] After the emotional ending of the previous song, Thomas Jefferson lightens the mood by asking if they can "get back to politics" and James Madison (still crying) agrees. According to historian John Ferling, the jockeying for electoral votes, regional divisions, and the propaganda smear campaigns created by both parties made the election recognizably modern.[4]. (a) Votes for Federalist electors have been assigned to John Adams and votes for Democratic-Republican electors have been assigned to Thomas Jefferson. In the election of 1800, Hamilton, who saw his life's work slipping away with the coming of the "democrats" into power, assaulted the barely rooted norms of American political tradition. Mr. Jefferson I suspect will not dare much. President of the United States that took a disparaging . Retrieved July 30, 2005. . Aaron Burr However, Hamilton's plan backfired and hurt the Federalist party, particularly after one of his letters, a scathing criticism of Adams that was fifty-four pages long,[13] fell into the hands of a Democratic-Republican and soon after became public. . Michael Austin has written an interesting story for History News Network on the presidential election of 1800. But if you had to choose, [HAMILTON] At the end of a long and bitter campaign, Jefferson and Burr each won 73 electoral votes, Adams won 65, and Pinckney won 64. In the last line of the song, Jefferson gloatingly asks Burr to thank Hamilton for his endorsement of Jefferson. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. [2][3], The tie between Jefferson and Burr was the result of a flaw in the original rules of the electoral college, the constitutional process that allows for the election of the president and vice president. Ask him a question, it glances off, he obfuscates, he dances By Dave Kindy. The Election of 1800 See, they see Burr as a less extreme you Burr! Great article, especially love the video, thats hilarious! Every action has an equal, opposite reaction [MADISON] Instead of singing about the contest between Jefferson and Burr, the new lyrics emphasize the importance of the then-upcoming election. However, when political parties began to run both presidential and vice presidential candidates, it became apparent that the election would result in a tie between Jefferson and Burr, since they were from the same political party and would each receive one vote from every elector from a state the two had won. We know it's lose-lose [ENSEMBLE] To get Hamilton on your side [TWO MEN] "Your Obedient Servant". The show, which Miranda famously began writing after reading Ron Chernow's biography, chronicles Hamilton's ascension to the forefront of American history. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Can we get back to politics? Man openly campaigns against me, talkin' bout, 'I look forward to our partnership" The two leading visions for the new nation came to a head and the results marked a shift in American history, as Alexander Hamilton's Federalists went into decline and Thomas Jefferson's Republicans began their rise. 30 seconds . Join scholars Brian Murphy and Joanne I have never agreed with Jefferson once Under the terms laid out in the Constitution, the outgoing House of Representatives chose between Jefferson and Burr. [JEFFERSON] [3], Writing for the Journal of the Early Republic, Nancy Isenberg criticized the accuracy of the song, writing that the event had been "distorted beyond recognition" by Miranda. Federalists spread rumors that the Democratic-Republicans were radicals who would ruin the country (based on the Democratic-Republican support for the French Revolution). The primary conflict for the 1804 duel came in the form of Burr's gubernatorial race, where Hamilton worked to undermine him, motivated by mutterings of New England desiring to leave the union. [ENSEMBLE] Dear Mr. Hamilton: your fellow Fed'ralists would like to know how you'll be voting. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. [MADISON] Song: The Election of 1800 Musical: Hamilton Artist: Lin-Manuel Miranda Tuning: standard, capo 1st So I've tabbed this with a capo on 1st but if you want to play it without a capo hit transp Tags: Question 2 . What he advocated was somewhat more reasonable than what had been proposed in the party meeting. 'In a Choice of EvilsJefferson is in Every View Less Dangerous than Burr': Alexander Hamilton to Harrison Gray Otis on the Deadlocked Presidential Election of 1800." In the letter, Hamilton begins with this premise: Not denying to Mr. Adams patriotism and integrity, and even talents of a certain kind, I should bedeficient in candour, were I to conceal the conviction, that he does not possess the talentsadapted to the administration ofgovernment, and that there are great and intrinsic defects in his character, which unfit him for the office of chief magistrate.. The difference between history and daily life is then mirrored in a tonal shift: after the slow sincerity of Its Quiet Uptown, Jefferson is funny and abrasive about getting back to politics. Just like Hamilton, Jeffersons passion and ambition can come across as extremism. The conversation between Hamilton and Burr is slightly extended. (Burr ran as Jefferson's vice-president, but both men ended up with the same number of votes in the Electoral College, . If you had to choose However, after Adams won the Federalist nomination, the letter was circulated throughout the country by the Jeffersonians. It might be nice, it might be nice It was now March 1801 and the dust was settling over the gloom of the new Federal City along the Potomac River. In the song The Election of 1800, Hamilton is shown to play an influential role in the election of the US' third president. Jefferson has my vote! August 15, 2016. If you had to choose [ENSEMBLE] Burr did, however, noticeably decline to say that he would not accept the presidency if he were elected. If you had to choose The election of 1800 was important as it was the first time in the history of the United States where one party peacefully transferred power to the other due to election results. Yo. Voting in 1800 took place over a period of months, and the campaign, which was largely fought in the nations partisan press, got really nasty. [66] This changed the Maryland and Vermont votes from no selection to Jefferson, giving him the votes of 10 states and the presidency. "[74] The song focuses on Alexander Hamilton's role in deciding the outcome of the 1801 contingent election. 4", "Drunk History John Adams and Thomas Jefferson Had Beef", "PolitiFact: Fact-checking 'Hamilton' the musical", "The election of 1800: a study in the logic of political change", 1800 U.S. Presidential Election at VoteArchive.com, Vote Archive: County-level results for Maryland, Vote Archive: County-level results for North Carolina, Vote Archive: County-level results for Rhode Island, Vote Archive: County-level results for Virginia, Presidential Election of 1800: A Resource Guide, A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 17871825, Overview at Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections, A Summary View of the Rights of British America, Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms, Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness, Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, 1777 draft and 1786 passage, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States, Proposals for concerted operation among the powers at war with the Pyratical states of Barbary, Jefferson manuscript collection at the Massachusetts Historical Society, Member, Virginia Committee of Correspondence, Thomas Jefferson Center for the Protection of Free Expression, Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service, Washington and Jefferson National Forests, Louisiana Purchase Exposition gold dollar, Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence, Chairman of the Marine Committee, 1775-1779, United States presidential election 17881789, Massachusetts Historical Society holdings, A Defense of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, Family home and John Quincy Adams birthplace, Co-founder and second president, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams, State results of the 1800 U.S. presidential election, elections in which the winner lost the popular vote, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1800_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=1141037336, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2020, Pages using bar box without float left or float right, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, State is divided into electoral districts, with one Elector chosen per district by the voters of that district, Divided the state into three electoral districts and named three persons from each county in each district to elect an elector for each of the three districts (same as in 1796), Each Elector appointed by state legislature. Election of 2016. Hamiltons reasoned and damning attack on Adams played a part in the contentious election. Hamil-Burrns: A Twisted Tale It's Hamiltime. List three specific objections Alexander Hamilton had for Aaron Burr assuming the presidency: 1. Instant PDF downloads. But what it doesn't convey is how close the country came to a. The musical simplifies the complicated multiple elections somewhat, portraying Adams's unpopularity as making the real choice between Jefferson and Burr. In April, Burr's mobilization of the vote in New York City succeeded in reversing the Federalist majority in the state legislature to provide decisive support for the Democratic-Republican ticket. Thomas, that's the problem. Jefferson or Burr? [Intro: Thomas Jefferson, (Ensemble)] The Election of 1800! However, Hamilton very reluctantly announces that his vote goes to Jefferson, who stands by what he does, rather than Burr, who has a tendency to "wait for it" and has changed his mind over matters more than once for personal gain. It's quiet uptown, [MEN] [7], For the election after which the song is named, see. In the 1800 electiona drawn-out battle between two starkly different visions of Americas futureit would cause an outright constitutional crisis. Hamilton: An American Musical - The Election Of 1800 (traduccin letra en espaol) - The election of 1800 / (Thomas Jefferson / Can we get back to politics / Please / Yo, ev'ry action has an equal, opposite reaction / John Adams shat . The four representatives present from South Carolina, all Federalists, also changed their 31 selection of Burr to four abstentions. "Hamilton's strange behavior in 1800 loomed large in Adams' defeat," historian John Ferling writes. In Georgia, Democratic-Republican legislators replaced the popular vote with selection by the state legislature. [3][4], In Chiafalo v. Washington, a case before the Supreme Court of the United States, Justice Elena Kagan alluded to "The Election of 1800" in handing down her decision. Jefferson later wrote that his victory in 1800 was as real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 76 was in its form. Federalists would never win another presidential race, and by 1815 had ceased to exist as a party. In the wake of his son's death, he stayed out of the public eye for a while. Act 1: Yorktown (The World Turned Upside Down), Act 2: Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story. In 1800, Hamilton and Burr battled in the even-then rough and tumble world of New York City politics. Broadway Cast Recording Election season is on the mind - the election of 1800, that is. [JEFFERSON] [11], Hamilton appears to have hoped in 1796 that his influence within an Adams administration would be as great as or greater than in Washington's. The tie sent the election to the lame-duck House of Representatives, where Federalists dominated. Electors from each of the 16 states in the Union each cast two votes; the candidate who received the most votes became president, while the runner-up became vice president. Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, and Tennessee chose each of their electors from specially-drawn single-member districts, the results from which are as follows. The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party in the First Party System. As Jefferson received the second-most votes in 1796, he was elected vice president. The Election of 1800: Revolutionary Stability Duration: 90 min Overview This lesson is a combination of a few different approaches: students will study primary writings of Jefferson and Adams, examine a range of online documents and images in a DBQ format, and explore historical interpretations through the use of scholarly texts. 1. Jefferson or Burr? [citation needed]. "The Election of 1800" is the 19th song of Act Two of the musical Hamilton, as well as the 42nd song of both acts. [65] He urged the Federalists to support Jefferson because he was "by far not so dangerous a man" as Burr; in short, he would much rather have someone with wrong principles than someone devoid of any.[13]. 30 seconds . [JEFFERSON] [BURR] [HAMILTON] Burr's refusal to withdraw from the election of 1800, which forced Hamilton to support Jefferson against his better judgement. Choose Map illustrates votes, by state, in the US Presidential election of 1800, broken down as votes for Aaron Burr, Thomas Jefferson, or 'Blank Ballot'. [13], The contemporarily unorthodox public campaigning methods employed in 1800 were first employed by Jefferson's running mate and campaign manager, Aaron Burr, who is credited by some historians with inventing the modern electioneering process. While the 1800 election was a re-match of the 1796 election, it ushered in a new type of American politics, a two-party republic and acrimonious campaigning behind the scenes and through the press. The show is startlingly faithful to Hamilton's life. [ENSEMBLE] Meanwhile, despite their constant sparring, Jefferson and Hamilton are able to put aside their differences and work together to defeat the unprincipled Burr. In 1800, the Constitution provided that each elector received two votes and that whichever candidate garnered a majority of votes would be president, while the second-place candidate would be vice president. Under the original rules, each elector would cast two ballotsthe candidate with the most votes would become president, while the runner-up becomes vice president. Jefferson or Burr? (National Archives Identifier 2668821) Anyone who is a fan of the hit musical Hamilton knows the song "Election of 1800." It depicts an infamous election that ultimately led us to change our Constitution. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In "The Election of 1800", Jefferson and Burr's attempts to win the 1800 United States presidential election result in a tie that must be broken by Hamilton. [JEFFERSON] As the presidential election of 1800 approached, Americans were more divided than ever before. [8] Meanwhile, the Democratic-Republicans accused Federalists of subverting republican principles with the Alien and Sedition Acts, some of which were later declared unconstitutional after their expiration by the Supreme Court, and relying for their support on foreign immigrants; they also accused Federalists of favoring Britain and the other coalition countries in their war with France in order to promote aristocratic, anti-democratic values. [HAMILTON] [BURR] Jefferson became the second consecutive incumbent vice president to be elected president. [HAMILTON] It's quiet uptown. [BURR] Burrs desire to be a part of history, talking less and smiling more, now leaves him without any honor or allies. Hamilton's on your side [14], Partisans on both sides sought any advantage they could find. Yeah, he's so elitist! [62], Publicly, Burr remained quiet between mid-December 1800 and mid-February 1801, when the electoral votes were counted. 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