The nuns considered her volatile, petulant, and stubborn. German field marshal known as the "Desert Fox" And if I can think that way instead of thinking what is going to happen in a half-hour's time," Because of her past illnesses she knew "I was able to accept this, and survive it." In 1941 she responded to requests by the War Office for people to send photographs of France. The Germans wanted to know the true identity of Spindle's wireless operator, "Arnaud," as well as the whereabouts of a British officer, Captain Francis Cammaerts, who had landed in the plane which had taken Churchill to England. Spies were chosen carefully. Anyone who fell behind was shot dead. In 1930, Odette met Roy Sansom, an Englishman who was the son of a family friend. Honored for his tenacity and courage at the battle of Verdun, he was later killed as he attempted to save two men missing from his platoon. But German agents had begun to infiltrate "Spindle" by the time Churchill returned to Annecy on the night of April 1415, 1943. [36], On 6 March 2020 Great Western Railway named a Class 800 train after her; the ceremony in Odette's honour was held at Paddington Station in London and attended by Anne, Princess Royal.[37]. Infuriated, Bleicher sent her to Ravensbrck concentration camp. Features female Prime Ministers, scientists, cultural figures, authors and royalty. Peter Churchill survived the war but Rabinovitch was executed by the Gestapo in 1944. But, eventually, the camp was overrun, and she won her freedom as the Camp commandant tried to use her as a hostage. The Germans began a massive campaign to hide the evidence of their crimes. Odette Her Remarkable True Storyby Jerrard Tickell at Amazon. [17], In Ravensbruck Sansom was kept in a punishment block cell, on a starvation diet, and could hear other prisoners being beaten. Through an ingenious plot, Bleicher arrested Odette and her commanding officer, Peter Churchill (no relation to the prime minister), on April 16, 1942. The average SOE wireless operator in Occupied France lasted for just six weeks before being arrested. Are you going to answer my questions?" [7], Her wartime record was the subject of a 1950 film, Odette, in which the title role was played by Anna Neagle and Trevor Howard played Churchill. Odette accompanied him. Military figures Famous military leaders and soldiers, including Alexander the Great, Napoleon, Ataturk, Erwin Rommel, Winston Churchill and Dwight Eisenhower. Fifteen of them were captured by the Nazis. In desperation, some women would scrape soot with their nails from the prison walls to try to blacken the roots of their gray hair hoping to look younger and be spared death during selection. Check here if you would like to receive subscription offers and other promotions via email from TIME group companies. Odette Sansom (1912 - 1995) - a French/British spy who worked as an SOE operative in occupied France. [21], Sansom said she believed she was "not brave, not courageous, but just make up my mind about certain things." She briefly married, Peter Churchill, before marrying her third husband, Geoffrey Hallowes. Agents memorized codes in verse. We use cookies on our website to collect relevant data to enhance your visit. Sansom replied, "I have nothing to say.". Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Orders arrived from Berlin in July. Your email address will not be published. When she refused to divulge the whereabouts of her spy circuit's wireless operator and another British officer, she not only saved the lives of other agents but enabled them to continue their work for the Resistance. She became a national heroine and in 1950,a filmwas made about her. She was brutally interrogated in prison before being deported to Germany and eventually executed at Ravensbrck concentration camp in 1945. A courageous and brave soldier, Odette's father, Gaston Brailly, was promoted to sergeant, and earned the Croix de Guerre and the Medaille Militaire. He spun a tale to her of them travelling together to London to "discuss means of ending the war." They were sent to Fresnes Prison in Paris, and soon were interrogated at 84 Avenue Foch, the notorious Gestapo headquarters. Sansom continued to claim that she was related to Winston That brought her to the attention of Colonel Maurice Buckmaster's Special Operations Executive. They either had a skill the SS valued, a job where they could steal food, or a protector who looked after them. Born November 15, 1891 Odette Brailly was born in Amiens, France, on 28th April 1912. You are here: foo fighters opening bands; plane crash recordings website; what happened to odette sansom daughters . (SOE). Her brave endurance saved the lives of many agents. Agents learned how to place explosive matchboxes or fountain pens where they would do the most damage. She is holding Tania Szab , daughter of SOE officer Violette Szab . What happened to Odette Sansom daughters? In some cases, hit-and-run guerilla attacks were staged. Szabo was shot at Ravensbrck; Khan was brutally interrogated and kept in chains before she was executed at Dachau. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Yet, despite the torture and pressure, she remained firm to her story. She soon was made assistant to section head Colonel Maurice Buckmaster, and became a de facto intelligence officer. Britain's most prestigious organizations turned out forged papers for them to carry. Messages were printed on ties, scarves, handkerchiefs, and underwear. He told the Americans, "This is Frau Churchill," believing that she was related to the prime minister of England. When Odette again refused, the Nazi systematically tore out each of her toenails, one by one. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Heroes and Heroines. London replied immediately: "Henri highly dangerousyou are to hide across lake and cut contacts with all save Arnaud [Rabinovich]"[12][13], Churchill was in London consulting with SOE at the time of Bleicher's meeting with Sansom. French-bornOdette Sansomworked undercover in France during theSecond World War. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"_AuhmkdrMi1mq61lM9R.VNRK.kGsRUbh0j6SX_5ImLM-86400-0"}; importer. Bleicher of Abwehr. The couple moved By October, when her health had just about failed, they moved her to a cell above ground. ." Around February 5th 1945 Violette Szabo was executed by a shot in the back of her head aged just twenty three. Soldiers as POWs desc, Albert Speer She would keep the pistol as a memento of the war. London: R. Hale, 1976. Three of the womenAndre Borrel ("Denise"), Vera Leigh ("Simone"), and Diana Rowden ("Juliette")were taken to the Natzweiler concentration camp in Alsace and summarily executed. What happened to Odette's daughters? A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. Prime commercial lot on Rt. After the war and his separation from Odette he married Carla Schmidt (19212004). Her wartime experiences had taught her two great truths; that suffering is an ineluctable part of the human lot, and that the battle against evil is never over., Odette Hallowes, The Times (17th March1975). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1980. Nancy Wake After he landed by parachute in a remote mountainous area, Churchill and Sansom hid in an inn in St. Jorioz. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). She refused to disclose the whereabouts of Rabinovitch and another British agent, stuck to her fabricated cover story that Churchill was the nephew of Prime Minister Winston Churchill, that she was his wife, and that he knew nothing of her activities. Her torture was carried out by a "very good-looking young Frenchman" who she believed was mentally ill.[5], Sansom testified against the prison guards charged with war crimes at the 1946 Hamburg Ravensbrck Trials, which resulted in Suhren's execution in 1950. [21], When the Allies were only a few miles from Ravensbrck, the camp commandant Fritz Suhren forced Sansom into his car and drove to the advancing Americans to surrender. [6], Originally Sansom was considered too temperamental and stubborn by SOE, with an evaluation stating "She is impulsive and hasty in her judgments and has not quite the clarity of mind which is desirable in subversive activity. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/sansom-odette-1912-1995, "Sansom, Odette (19121995) following year she married Peter Churchill. She died in 1995, aged 82. Sansom's initial objective was to contact the French Resistance on the French Riviera, and then move to Auxerre in Burgundy to establish a safe house for other agents. Peter Morland Churchill, DSO (14 January 1909 - 1 May 1972) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) officer in France during the Second World War.His wartime operations, which resulted in his capture and imprisonment in German concentration camps, and his subsequent marriage to fellow SOE officer, Odette Sansom, received considerable attention during the war and after, including a . Mr. Sansom joined the army at the beginning of the Second World War, and Odette Sansom and the children moved to Somerset for their safety. [26] After an appeal by her mother, it was returned with a note saying: "You, Madame, appear to be a dear old lady. Those who stumbled or fell were ordered to the Bunker, a maze of tiny, airless cells. World War II buffseven military historianslose sight of the fact that female couriers operating in occupied France had the second highest Allied fatality rate (42%, behind only Bomber Commands 45%) of the war. SOE was also monitoring those who brought them in, hoping to find some who were qualified to become agents in France. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. EXCLUSIVE: Odette Sansom had fallen for her supervisor and lied to the Nazis that she was in charge leading to two years of torture. Educated at the Convent of Therese in Amiens Larry Loftis is the author of CODE NAME: LISEThe True Story of the Woman Who Became WWIIs Most Highly Decorated Spy, available now from Gallery Books. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Her official point of commemoration is the Commonwealth War Graves Commission Brookwood 19391945 Memorial to the Missing in Brookwood Military Cemetery, Surrey. They claimed they were husband and wife and related to Winston Churchill. Women who changed the world Famous women who changed the world. Odette Hallowes/Place of burial. I won't let them have me." Occasionally, during their imprisonment, Sansom and Churchill managed to meet and talk secretly before he was moved to Germany in February 1944. Save five minutes a day when the overhead light was illuminated, she sat in total darkness. Despite all this, Sansom didn't want fame. [3][21] The cell was located near the crematorium and would be covered with burned hair from the cremations. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. It is Odette, Queen of the Swans. [17][18] The British had calculated that if the Germans thought she was related to the British Prime Minister they would want to keep her alive as a possible bargaining tool. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. In June 1940, a new volunteer force the Special Operations Executive (SOE) was set up to wage a secret war. The pain was excruciating. 13th May 1944 the Germans transported Sansom and seven other SOE The hope was that in this way their treatment would be mitigated. I am not all that bad it's just circumstances. Carve Her Name With Pride Film based on the life of Violette Szabo. In 1942,Odette Sansomwas invited to join 'F' Section of theSpecial Operations Executive(SOE). The forgotten female WWII-era spy who stayed silent under gruesome Nazi torture Odette Sansom was the first woman to receive the UK's second-highest honor for courage under fire. them receive better treatment while in prison. Something about the future seemed to haunt her. 19561995 Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Still, she refused to speak. [20] Bleicher occasionally appeared and suggested that they might go to concerts and visit restaurants together in Paris, in return for which he hoped she could be induced to talk. Some mistakenly say finger-nails: but her torturers stopped short when they realised that even the grotesque pain of the toe-nails could not persuade her to speak (and having been ticked off firmly by Odette myself, for springing a photographer on her, I understand the Gestapo's reluctance to displease her further). Szabo, George Cross. Meanwhile, Sansom was feeling powerless. She was the first woman to be awarded the George Cross by the United Kingdom and was awarded the Lgion d'honneur by France. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. The journalist summed up the experience: Everyone remembers that Odette had her toe-nails torn out by the Gestapo. Odette knew the locations of both, but refused to answer, saving their lives. On I grew up with this sense of duty." They marched long columns of prisoners out of the camp, by the thousand, past the notorious sign Arbeit macht frei (Work makes one free). They were joined there by several other members of the Carte network and SOE, a gathering which attracted the attention of the Italian fascist police and the Gestapo. However, since she had claimed to be the wife of Peter Churchill, and the Germans were not sure of his relationship with Winston Churchill (there was none), they were reluctant to kill her. In the end, it was hearing tales of her French family's suffering in German-occupied France that made up her mind to join SOE. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Odette Hallowes died at Walton-on-Thames on 13th March, They then moved to England where a second daughter Lily was born in 1934. SOE agents allied themselves with resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England. In five years, over 100,000 women died. Great True Spy Adventures. You have reached your limit of 4 free articles. She didnt think twice about confronting German generals or commandants, and often placed principle before prudence. Coming from a long line of patriots from the province of Picardy, she rose up against indifference and was outraged when the Nazis took over her nation. Odette Sansom was born in France but later moved to England. 'It will be your duty,' said my grandfather, 'to do what you can for your country.' [2] She had one brother. It was at Fresne Prison that they tortured Sansom. Pronunciation: o-dette, od(et)-te. In July 1942, Sansom began her training at the SOE school, a country house hidden in New Forest, Hampshire. Churchill and in 1945, with the Red Armyadvancing on Ravensbruck Gleeson, James Joseph. Though the camp was designed to contain a maximum of 6,000 prisoners, after 1943, there were never fewer than 12,000. All of her toenails had been ripped from her feet. "The Last Days of Auschwitz, 50 Years Later: Untold Stories From the Death Camp," in Newsweek. However, against all odds she survived the war and testified against the prison guards at the Hamburg Ravensbrck trials. Yet their decorations pale in comparison to those of a courier spy named Odette Sansom (code name: LISE). For her service, she was awarded the George Cross. "[27] In 1955, she co-founded the annual Women of the Year Lunch with Tony Lothian and Lady Georgina Coleridge (journalist and daughter of the Marquess of Tweeddale). She was 82. Post author: Post published: June 1, 2022 Post category: grafana iframe home assistant Post comments: abkrzungen gehaltsabrechnung ffentlicher dienst jee leg abkrzungen gehaltsabrechnung ffentlicher dienst jee leg Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Please attempt to sign up again. All Rights Reserved. And as every spy knew, the Gestapo needed to turn only one operative to infiltrate a circuit and spoil the lot. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. [21], After the Allied landings in the south of France in August 1944, on orders from Berlin, all food was withdrawn for a week, all light was removed from Sansom's cell, and the heat was turned up. She had a convent education and was considered difficult, perhaps because of her illnesses. Odette Sansom was born in France but later moved to England. 1804 Division St - Morris, IL -For Sale With several other agents, two of them women, Odette sailed from Gibraltar at the end of October aboard a small Polish trading boat. The prince is captivated by her soulful countenance and starts to approach her, but she becomes frightened and turns from him. This essay consists of three articles that examine different aspects of the history of prisoners of war. People Who Made a Difference in Health Care, Facts about the extraordinary life of Joan of Arc. Although they had all parachuted into France and been on similar missions, none of the agents had met. She wore her FANY uniform and the blue ribbon and silver miniature of the George Cross. [8][9], Sansom made a landing on a beach near Cassis on the night of 2 November 1942, and made contact with Captain Peter Churchill, who headed Spindle, an SOE network based in Cannes. near Herrlingen, Germany A matchstick was made in which the equivalent of nine sheets of paper could be carried and then hidden among the regular matches in the box. For example, Violette Szabo fought a rearguard action with German units before being captured near Limoges. Biography of Odette Sansom, Oxford, www.biographyonline.net, 16th Mar 2008. In July 1940, she had met Etienne Szabo, an officer in the French Foreign Legion. Odette Sansom at the FANY memorial at St. Paul's Church in Knightsbridge, London, in 1948. Sansom told the Germans that Churchill was in the country on her insistence. Weapons and ammunition Walther PPK "If I had courage, it was my grandfather's," Sansom told a London Sunday Times interviewer in 1990. A specially trained inner core of Nazis, hand-picked by Heinrich Himmler, interrogated her repeatedly. Captain Peter Morland Churchill (code name "Raoul") was the commanding officer of the Marseilles-Cannes SOE circuit (code name "Spindle"), one of nearly 50 secret organizations run by British agents in occupied France. It seems like you have tried to open a page that doesn't exist. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. She told her story and accepted her GC on behalf of all her comrades who did not survive. Inmates drank ersatz coffee in the morning, watery soup for lunch, and ate bread for dinner while doing heavy labor. Your little dog really loves me. She was captured six months later and imprisoned in Fresne, the Gestapo prison in Paris. Charles de Gaulle/Date of death. Moved north, she was locked for nearly a week in a cage at police headquarters in Frankfurt. When they told her she was to be executed, listing her many crimes against the Nazi Third Reich, she told them to take their pick of offenses, because they could only kill her once. The couple moved They would later have Lily in 1934 and Marianne in 1936. The interrogator told Odette he was a servant of his fhrer, Adolf Hitler, and had no regrets for what he did; in fact, he would stop at nothing to get the information he needed. She was then transported to Halle, where she was again treated brutally. Odette Marie Cline was born on April 28, 1912 to Gaston and Yvonne Brailly who lived in Amiens, France.Her brother Louis was born a year later in 1913. The company . Mrs Odette Marie Celine Hallowes (see Sansom) (28 Apr 1912- 13 Mar 1995). He was held as a Prisoner of War in 165 POW Camp near Abbeville and succeeded in escaping four times, although he was never able to return to the German lines. [5], In January 1943, the Spindle team of Churchill, Rabinovich, and Sansom, feeling vulnerable to German capture, moved north from the French Riviera to the quiet Italian-occupied Annecy area in the French Alps. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. One Nazi interrogator caught her arms and held them behind the back of the chair, wrote Tickell. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 FAQS Clear - All Rights Reserved In 1946 Sansom was awarded the George Cross for bravery and the She was subjected to torture. As the Russians drew closer, the entire Nazi death operation went into reverse. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. [32] She remains the only woman to have received the George Cross while alive, all other female awards to date being posthumous. One secret policeman, sergeant Hugo Bleicher, did just that. Another courier, Pearl Witherington , led an underground force of 2,000 young French guerillas, called the Maquis, who specialized in cutting the main Paris-Bordeaux railway. The medal was awarded after medical records and eyewitness testimony supported her case. London: Arco, 1957. Violette Szabo and Noor Inayat Khan were awarded the George Cross posthumously for their bravery. "I have nothing to say," Sansom replied. Some had only rags to cover their feet as they were forced onto the frozen mud. Odette Hallowes/Spouse. It was there, the next night, that they were arrested by Italian troops and a German security agent. On 16th April, 1943, Sansom and Churchill were arrested by Hugo Bleicher of Abwehr. However, her execution was never carried out. She was captured by the Gestapo and sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp, but survived the war. Odette Sansom Hallowes (1912 - 1995) was born in Amiens, France, to a bank manager who left his job when World War I broke out to join an infantry regiment on the Western Front. Mahoney, M.H. agents,Yolande Beekman, Eliane Plewman, Madeleine Damerment, Vera Knowing they were going to die gave them a sense of freedom, and they told each other their real names as well as their code names. Four years later, Sansom was following the fall of France in British newspapers, listening to BBC radio reports as refugees choked every road from Paris to Marseilles while German troops marched down the Champs-lyses. Fraser, Antonia, ed. Born 26 Feb 1881 in Ivry-sur-Seine, France, died 14 Oct 1918 from wounds received on 26 September at the battle of Mesnil. ), produced in Britain by Lowpert-Dowling-UA, starring Anna Neagle and Trevor Howard, 1951 (Sansom was technical advisor on the film). They learned how to pick locks and pockets, forge signatures, and derail trains. Instead, after the war, she worked for various charities seeking to lessen the pain of war. This was hard enough for most prisoners and even worse for those suffering from diarrhea which was epidemic in the camps. [14][15][16], At Fresnes prison, near Paris, Sansom was interrogated by the Gestapo fourteen times. Odette Marie Cline Brailly was born on April 28, 1912, the first child of Gaston, a bank official in Amiens, and Yvonne Brailly . Colonel Henri was a German officer who claimed he wished to work for the allies. Her first SOE mission was in April 1944 and in July 1944, Szabo was landed by Lysander to spy on the closed zone around the Atlantic Wall. Each Remembrance Day, Sansom placed a cross of flowers there. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Sansom rejected the overtures. She had kept silent, but she knew about the other things the Gestapo did to women and, alone in the darkness of the prison, she feared her strength might not last. Alternatively, search more than 1 million objects from Odette was a courier for the SPINDLE circuit of Special Operations Executive (SOE), the secret sabotage outfit Winston Churchill had charged to set Europe ablaze. She was a wife and mother of three who didnt drink, smoke or swear, and to the casual observer she was quite ordinary, perhaps even boring. BORN: October 7, 1900 Munich, Germany Odette Sansom died in 1995. You are welcome to search for what you are looking for with the form below. Since Sansom (code name "Lise") spoke French, she could plan and execute the night parachute resupply drops and arrange for secret transportation of the agents. These three would then recruit, arm and work with local French Resistance fighters to sabotage German trains, barges, bridges and supply depots. They were cremated, but evidence emerged later that some of them were still alive when they went into the ovens. World War Two's most highly decorated female spy has had a train named after her by Great Western Railway. He died trying to find two of his men who had gone missing after the Battle of Verdun. Odette Sansom was a 30-year-old housewife and mother-of-three when she . It does not store any personal data. At age 78, in October 1990, Sansom sat with a reporter for the London Sunday Times. Roll call (appel) in the camps was held outdoors twice a day, no matter the weatherin summer at 5:30 am, in winter at 4:30 am. Later he was an architect of the Fifth Republic and was president from 1958 to 1969. Burvale Cemetery, Hersham, United Kingdom It was this belief that saw her through her harrowing ordeal. two years. When Louis returned to school, she continued her walks alone and, though she missed him, found an unexpected joy in solitude. Schmidt ( 19212004 ) as a memento of the war. SS valued, maze... Cross by the Gestapo in 1944 he landed by parachute in a remote mountainous area Churchill... The overhead light was illuminated, she worked for various charities seeking lessen! Years later: Untold Stories from the Death camp, '' in Newsweek pressure she! Remembers that what happened to odette sansom daughters had her toe-nails torn out by the Gestapo prison in Paris a job they... 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